Clay content refers to the proportion of clay particles present in a soil or sediment sample. Clay particles are very small, with diameters less than 0.002 mm, and have unique properties that can greatly influence the physical and chemical characteristics of the soil. Measuring the clay content of a soil sample is important for understanding its fertility, water-holding capacity, and drainage properties. Clay content can also affect the soil's ability to retain nutrients and support plant growth. Researchers may study clay content to assess soil quality, make agricultural management decisions, or investigate the environmental impact of various land uses. Methods for determining clay content include sedimentation analysis, laser diffraction, and X-ray diffraction. Understanding the clay content of soils is important for a wide range of disciplines, including agriculture, geology, and environmental science.